A Naval Reservist Is Sentenced For Mishandling Classified...

SACRAMENTO, Calif. — A Naval reservist was sentenced for mishandling classified military materials. A federal attorney announced Wednesday that Bryan Nishimura of Folsom, California, pleaded guilty to the unauthorized removal and retention of classified materials. Nishimura, deployed in Afghanistan in 2007 and 2008 as a regional engineer, admitted to downloading classified briefings and digital records onto his personal electronic devices. He carried the materials off base and brought them back to the U.S. when his deployment ended. An FBI search of Nishimura s home turned up classified materials, but did not reveal evidence he intended to distribute them. He was sentenced to two years of probation and a $7,500 fine, and was ordered to surrender his security clearance. He is barred from seeking a future security clearance. -Navy Times There is no way of getting around this: According to Director James Comey (disclosure: a former colleague and longtime friend of mine), Hillary Clinton checked every box required for a felony violation of Section 793(f) of the federal penal code (Title 18): With lawful access to highly classified information she acted with gross negligence in removing and causing it to be removed it from its proper place of custody, and she transmitted it and caused it to be transmitted to others not authorized to have it, in patent violation of her trust. Director Comey even conceded that former Secretary Clinton was â€Å"extremely careless† and strongly

Women’s Inequalities in the Workplace Essay - 1041 Words

Women’s Inequalities in the Workplace When you think of a CEO of a company or of world political leaders, do you think of a man or of a woman? Many, if not most of us, see these positions as being held by men. In this essay, I will explain why women are still not equal to men. In the first paragraph I will discuss inequalities that happen in the workplace. The second section will show the differences that occur within the athletic world. Thirdly, I will explain the differences in education and home life. Even though we are approaching the twenty-first century, women in our society are still not equal to men. In the workplace, women do not receive the same benefits that men do. Some women do†¦show more content†¦There are few professional women’s sports teams, and the salaries these women receive are very low compared to the men’s average. While men make hundreds of thousands or even millions, women are struggling to make fifty thousand. The average salary for a woman in the WNBA is $37,500. A big deal was made this year about the United States women’s soccer team winning the championship. A lot of the press was directed towards one thing-the fact that after the winning goal was scored by Brandi Chastain, she took off her shirt and swung it around her head, just as a man does. Some people found it wrong that she ran around in her sport’s bra. That move brought more attention to women’s soccer than it ever had before. Talk shows and comedy persons mocked her repeatedly. I saw it on at least three shows myself. This is the most media cov erage women in sports have seen in a long time. College women’s teams will only make the news on a very rare occasion. In order to help women, a bill, Title IX, was passed in 1972 so high school and college girls could get a fair share of the budget. Title IX states, â€Å"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or any activity receiving federal financial assistance.† For every dollar spent on women’s sports, three have been spent on men’s.Show MoreRelated Gender and Power in the Workplace Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesGender and Power in the Workplace This essay is an analysis of contemporary issues associated with gender and power in the workplace; which will specifically include a discussion of gender relations, stereotyping, women’s identity, the structuring of formal and informal power, sources of inequality, and sexual harassment. The concept of gender in relation to the division of labor in the workplace, and in relation to issues of power and control is an unfortunate, groundless stereotype. 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Composition of Myself free essay sample

My mind is a poem. I stand like a freak amongst night shadows and street vents, rushing idiotically behind my left hand and my inspirational right hand. I write to free myself. My young mind uncoils with emotions that spill out onto the paper, and they will remain there until the dust of future years rolls them off the surface. I keep a leather book, whose crisp yellowed pages and beautifully frayed edges are filled with my personal philosophy, my personal statements, and my metaphysical complexities. It is in the leather binding that my elbows and fingertips steadily rust. There is an owl carved into the leather of the front cover. Its wisdom, its many tall-standing years make me want to grow and learn. I keep the physical book in my palm, by my side; I keep the book of my soul inside and in a constant process of flowing outward into my hand and filling back up inside my mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Composition of Myself or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is in our self-reliant philosophy that we live engrained in heartbreak and grow in reconciliation. My leather book, as I have come to believe, will never run out of pages. It has remained half-full and half-anxious through love, heartbreak, torment, achievement, and most importantly, hours amounting to years of growth. I was first inspired to write at an early age and have been feeding on a variety of inspiration ever since. Writing has become the filler for every void, loss, or absence in my life, taking on and breaking out, the words that were embedded in the looking glass. Words have come to mean so much to me. Words are to me what paint, pastels, or tiles, are to an artist. I see every word uniquely and in a different light each time I encounter it. My muse lies in my heart, in human growth, in love, in heartbreak. My works are based on my personal experiences, my personal growth. I am the wonder in the world and the space between my hands. Every day brings new words. The str uggles, the blessings, and the memories all spell out the words which beautifully crowd my inner self. Every onrush is brought on by new hopes, new dreams, new tears, and new encounters. The life I live on paper is above the human head. It is steps above physicality. My words are not observant words. They are foreign to the mind, but familiar to the heart. They are familiar when on their own, together, and in a poem. The Merriam-Webster online dictionary defines a poem as a â€Å"composition in verse.† If one may wish to stick by this definition, then so be it, but I must disagree. Can it be that a poem is simply just a composition in verse? Imagine Dickinson devoting her entire life to writing â€Å"compositions in verse.† I cannot fathom such a possibility. It is in the texture of the rain that our remaining years become apparent. Ms. Dickinson had expression of inner self in mind. She used her paper to let her guard down, to preach her words, her talents. The dictionary may be the greatest of all human resources, but it cannot break into our souls. Our souls empower the poetry. The poetry is a self-reflection, a written soul. I wrote a letter to myself and kept it in a romance novel. I called this letter a poem. The paragraphs and the pages, though lovely and sometimes enchanting, can sometimes amount to less in feeling than a few horizontal lines of beautiful words and elegant phrasing. We are all unique on paper. Our syllables are distinctively unlike one another’s. I am a listener who kisses every moment to the last; we are all each other, one another, once again. When it comes down to it, our own words, though unique and distinctively ours, are part of a universal language. I write beneath the fresh-smelling leather, beginning with a composition in verse and ending with a beautifully woven, free-versed literary work. The weaving process is what keeps me moving day to day. It keeps me alive inside. It is in the texture of my own skin and the swirl of my hand that I become radiant. It is in the ninety degree angles of each bent knuckle that the rain falls with new rhythm, with new feeling. It is in my own palm, my own nerves, myself.

Provence Essays - Prefectures In France, Bordeaux, Provence

Provence Provence has been called a bridge between the past and the present, where yesterday blends with today. This beautiful place lies in the southern part of France, and is bordered on the east by Italy , on the south by the Mediterranean Sea, and on the west by the Rhone River. The area abounds with flower fields, vineyards, orchards, and olive and mulberry groves. Along the seacoast is the French Rivera and the Ports of Marseille and Toulon. Provence has its own language and its own customs. The region originally formed part of a Roman province called Provincia Romana, built in the 120 B.C. It was passed into the possession of several ancient Germanic peoples, the Visigoths, the Ostrogoths, and the Frankish kings. In 879 AD. the area was incorporated into the kingdom of Provence, sometimes call Cisjurane Burgundy, and in the 10th century into the e kingdom of Arles. After being ruled by the house of Anjou from about 1245 to 1482, the region came into the possession of King Louis XI of France, and in 14856 it was annexed to the French Kingdom. Provence was a province until the French revolution, after which the area was distributed among several departments. The Greeks and Romans first filled the landscape with cities boasting Hellenic theaters, roman baths, amphitheaters, and triumphal arches. These were followed in medieval times by Romanesque fortresses and gothic cathedrals. In the 19th century Provence's light and landscapes attracted painters like Cezzanne and Van Gogh. Despite the changes over the years, Provence will be remembered as the bridge between the past and the present. On the Garonne River, the great port of Bordeaux, the Capital of Aquitaine, is the center of the world's most important wine producing areas. It attracts many visitors to the offices of wine exporters there, most of whom welcome guests. Bordeaux is a city of warehouses, factories, mansions, and exploding suburbs. Now the fifth largest city of France is Bordeaux. Bordeaux was for 300 years a British possession, and even today's it's called the most UN-French of French cities, though the same has been said of Strasbourg. The local airport , Bordeaux Merignac, is served by flights from as far away as London and New York. A shuttle bus connects the airport with the train station, departing 30 minutes from 5:30 to 10:00pm, costing $35F one way. Your tour can begin at Place de La Comedie, at the very heart of this old city, a busy traffic hub that was once the site of Roman temple. On this square one of the great theaters of France, The Grand Theater, was built between1773 and 1780. From here you could walk north to esplanade des Quinconces, laid out between 1818 and 1828, it is the largest square of its kind in Europe, covering nearly 30 acres. The Musee des Beaux Arts has an outstanding collection ranging from the 15th to the 20th century. Works by Perugina, Titian, Rubens, Veronese, Delacroix, Gros , Redon, and Lhote are displayed. The museum is open from 10 to 6 P.M. and the admission is 18f per person. The Pont de Pierre, with 17 arches , stretches 1,594 feet across the Garonne and is one of the most beautiful bridges in France. Ordered built by Napoleon I in 1813, the bridge can be crossed on foot for a fine of the port. But for a better view I suggest the tour of the port, which lasts for about 1 1/2 hours. Toulouse city in southern France, capital of Haute-Garonne, on the Garonne River and the Canal du Midi. It is a major commercial, transportation, and manufacturing center, noted for the production of aircraft and aerospace equipment. Other products are chemicals, clothing, electrical machinery, and farm implements. Places of interest in Toulouse include the largest Romanesque Basilica of saint Sernin, which contains the tomb of St. Thomas Aquinas; the Gothic Cathedral of Saint Etienne; and the church of Notre Dame la Blanche. The city also contains many mansions in the Renaissance style; these include the Hotel Felzins, the Maison dePierre, and the Hotel d'Assezat et de Clemence -Isaure.

Camille Georges Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Camille Georges 8-402 SS8 Unit 4 Terms: Imperialism Imperialism occurs when a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region and dominates its economic, political, and cultural life. After the Industrial Revolution , this became a common practice of European nations seeking new sources of raw materials and markets to sell manufactured products. Imperialism affected many countries. For example, China, India, Africa, and South America were all affected by imperialism. Causes of imperialism are nationalistic motives, military motives, economic motives, and missionary motives. Many nations wanted to expand their territory, their army, and develop a more successful trade with no limitation. Imperialism began in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Due to economic, political, and social forces including the Industrial Revolution, trade, and military conditions. The U.S. was the little brother but played the biggest role in imperialism. They concurred many countries and territories and also brought down t he spanish empire which concord the world for over 500 years. The Industrial revolution developed new ways of communication like the telegraph and the telephone. It also helped means of transportation with providing planes, cars, and trains. "Imperialism in ancient times is clear in the history of China and in the history of western Asia and the Mediterraneanan unending succession of empires", ("Imperialism", britannica.com ) The Spanish-American War was a relatively short war, it lasted less than four months. The United States fought Spain in and around the Spanish colonial possessions of Cuba and the Philippines. The United States had deep historical and emotional reasons to support the cause of Cuban Independence. The Spanish-American War marked the beginning of the United States' rise as a leading military power. The United States Navy defeated the Spanish in both the Cuban and in the Philippines. General Weyler was responsible for the death of thousands of Cuban peasants. The peasants died of starvation and disease in concentration camps after being placed there by General Weyler and his troops. The Cubans fought to gain independence from Spain after suffering under oppressive Spanish rule. The Spanish government sent over 100 thousand troops to Cuba in an attempt to put an end to the rebellion. The Cubans continued to fight for independence. The United States sent a battleship, the USS Maine, to Cuba to protect U.S. citizens and property on the island. The Maine was destroyed in the Havana Harbor by an underwater explosion some believed to be a Spanish torpedo. Two hundred and sixty-six American soldiers were killed in the explosion. The loss of the Maine provoked many Americans to support war against Spain. They considered this short little war to be "splendid". There are many theories about what happened to the USS Maine in Havana, Cuba in 1898. A very popular theory was that somehow the Spanish snuck into the harbor, and exploded the huge boat and sending its soldiers into the deep waters. The Americans were helping the rebels in Cuba, and technically, at that point, enemies of the Spanish. Knowing that the USS Maine was an American ship, everything could have gone just right for the Spanish, and the opportunity could have happened by itself. Either way, someone was responsible for the Blow up of this ship and as of today we don't know who was behind it. When William McKinley became president in 1897 he faced a growing crisis in Cuba. Questions of war and empire were a main topic in McKinley's term in office. In Cuba a rebellion against Spain, which began in 1895, outraged many Americans who demanded for war with Spain. Using diplomacy and the threat of military intervention, McKinley secured some compromises from Spain, but when it would not give up Cuba, he led the nation into war in 1898. He personally directed the war effort and made the decisions that brought the United States an empire in the Caribbean and the Pacific. His administration suppressed armed Philippine resistance with tactics similar to those Spain had employed in Cuba. " It was foreign affairs that would determine McKinley's presidential legacy, beginning with an ongoing conflict in Cuba, where Spanish forces were attempting to repress a revolutionary movement. Though the American press and public were outraged by the bloodshed, McKinley hoped

Converting Fahrenheit to Kelvin

Converting Fahrenheit to Kelvin This example problem illustrates the method to convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin. Fahrenheit and Kelvin are two important temperature scales. The Fahrenheit scale is used primarily in the United States, while the Kelvin scale is used in some areas of science. Aside from homework questions, the most common times you might need to convert between Kelvin and Fahrenheit would be working with equipment using the different scales or when trying to plug a Fahrenheit value into a Kelvin-based formula. The zero point of the Kelvin scale is  absolute zero, which is the point at which its not possible to remove any additional heat. The zero point of the Fahrenheit scale is the lowest temperature Daniel Fahrenheit could attain in his lab (using a mixture of ice, salt, and water). Because the zero point of the Fahrenheit scale and degree size are both somewhat arbitrary, the Kelvin to Fahrenheit conversion requires a tiny bit of math. For many people, its easier to first convert Fahrenheit to Celsius  and then Celsius to Kelvin because these formulas are often memorized. Heres an example: Fahrenheit To Kelvin Conversion Problem A healthy person has a body temperature of 98.6  °F. What is this temperature in Kelvin?Solution: First, convert Fahrenheit to Celsius. The formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius isTC 5/9(TF - 32) Where TC is temperature in Celsius and TF is temperature in Fahrenheit.TC 5/9(98.6 - 32)TC 5/9(66.6)TC 37  °CNext, convert  °C to K:The formula to convert  °C to K is:TK TC 273orTK TC 273.15 Which formula you use depends on how many significant figures you are working with in the conversion problem. Its more accurate to say the difference between Kelvin and Celsius is 273.15, but most of the time, just using 273 is good enough.TK 37 273TK 310 K Answer:The temperature in Kelvin of a healthy person is 310 K. Fahrenheit To Kelvin Conversion Formula Of course, there is a formula you can use to convert directly from Fahrenheit to Kelvin: K 5/9 ( ° F - 32) 273 where K is temperature in Kelvin and F is temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. If you plug in body temperature in Fahrenheit, you can solve the conversion to Kelvin directly: K 5/9 (98.6 - 32) 273K 5/9 (66.6) 273K 37 273K 310 The other version of the Fahrenheit to Kelvin conversion formula is: K ( °F  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 32) à · 1.8 273.15 Here, dividing (Fahrenheit - 32) by 1.8 is the same as if you multiplied it by 5/9. You should use whichever formula makes you more comfortable, as they give the same result. No Degree in the Kelvin Scale When you are converting or reporting a temperature in the Kelvin scale, its important to remember this scale does not have a degree. You do use degrees in Celsius and Fahrenheit. The reason theres no degree in Kelvin is because its an absolute temperature scale.

Marketing Principles for Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Principles for Business - Coursework Example Marketers ought to take a bold approach in their attempt to understand the external environment of the business and the PESTEL model emerges as the most comprehensive approach to the external environment. PESTEL is a mnemonic that denotes Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental aspects of the external environment. This framework helps marketers in checking and keeping track with the external environment when planning to execute a given strategy. As much as the external environment is not under the control of a business, it is possible to tailor the marketing approach to suit the prevailing economic factors (Koumparoulis, 2013, p.32). The categorization of the external environment aspects by the PESTEL model is ideal since it aligns the environmental assessment to the strategy of the business. The political factors of the external environment concern the possibility of the economy or industry to be influenced by the state government. The government can intervene through trade tariffs, tax policies, and restrictions to trade, environmental regulations, labor regulations and fiscal policies. For instance, the imposition of a new tax may have the effect of changing an entire revenues generating unit of a business (Koumparoulis, 2013, p.33). These interventions are intended to protect either the consumers or the businesses. For instance, the Sherman Act (1890) serves to inhibit firms in U.S. to restricting trade through the creation of cartels and monopolies. To that end, marketers need to anticipate and respond effectively to political factors by adjusting the marketing policy in an appropriate manner. The economic factors significantly influenced the manner in which a business is conducted and its profitability. Economic factors include exchange rates, interest rates, and patterns of economic growth, inflation rate and the disposable income of the consumers. For instance, an increase in

Meat Industry in Kenya Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Meat Industry in Kenya - Research Paper Example The livestock marketing council found in Kenya is a private entity that plays the role of advocating for the rights of livestock traders and assists them in marketing of their products. The banks found in Kenya provide individuals and organizations with agricultural loans to boost their agricultural undertakings including livestock keeping and trading in livestock. The government of Kenya runs the management of the public body that has monopolized the meat processing sector in Kenya. This includes provision of financial support for this corporation. Most of the privately owned firms dealing with livestock and livestock products are privately run. The management of such firms supports them financially and ensure that they are run in the desired way (Ngugi 2001pp52-63). Social and cultural factors affecting the meat industry in Kenya Most of the societies living in Kenya place no restrictions to consumption of meat with the very insignificant exemption of the Indians living in this country. This therefore means that the meat industry sells most of its products to the Kenyan local community. Most of the Kenyan communities value red meat and incorporates its consumption in many of their cultural ceremonies including weddings, initiation and even burial ceremonies. This has a positive impact to the meat industry due to the large public meat consumption during the ceremonies. Kenyan communities are further divided into subcultures which hold a number of social gatherings to deliberate on issues affecting them. Most of these subcultures normally take the red meat as the main diet served during such gatherings. An infamous group that dotes on red meat when holding its social gatherings is the 'Mungiki'. Technological factors affecting meat... The paper describes the determinants of demand for meat in Kenya. The price at which meat is sold determines the demand for it. When the price of meat goes up, fewer individuals will be willing to buy it. They feel like buying the meat at a higher price takes most of the money at their disposal away. Locals prefer to buy foods that can be supplemented with meat like beans or lentils for the provision of proteins in the body. This idea is mostly influenced by an increase in the price of the meat, which makes them reluctant to buy the expensive meat and prefer cheap protein supplements. When meat substitutes cost less than the meat itself, the local demand for meat shifts to the ‘more affordable’ substitutes. The Kenyan locals for example prefer to take fish or animal organs like the intestines, kidney or liver which costs less than the meat itself. The income levels also determine meat consumption within the local Kenyan setting. With most of the households leading a poor life, meat is commonly viewed as a luxury for the rich. Hence, the humble households consume meat less while the rich ones consume meat very frequently. The above characterizes the consumption of meat within social, geographical or even cultural levels. Since meat costs much higher than most other sources of income, those people living in areas where income is high will buy more meat than those areas where income is low. Thus, the Kenyan suburbs records high meat intake, than the slums.

Current issue of media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Current issue of media - Research Paper Example Traditional media is further divided into two: electronic and print media, where electronic media refers to television and radio and print refers to all print media like newspapers and magazines. Digital Media or New media includes the internet, cellphones and other mobile devices. Like every invention, the media too has its pros and cons. These give birth to our topic of discussion i.e. current issues in the media and their solutions. Since traditional media allows controlled communication of information, it serves as a source of promoting tradition and culture. The reason why traditional media holds such importance is because it targets to the masses. The positive aspect of this media is by far greater than that of new media, but, being a mass media it can play a significant role in shaping the minds of the people. Societal aggravations are greatly heated up with the wrong portrayal through the mass media. Thus, it can be said that this is the biggest flaw in the traditional media is the uncontrolled flow of information. This information needs to be monitored carefully as this kind of media ensures wide-spread coverage of the content. On a societal scale, the inappropriateness of the content is one issue that has been highlighted for decades now (Garry 215). The nature of programs, even cartoons for that matter, is deemed unhealthy owing to explicit subliminal messages and violent actions shown in them. However, this comes with a simple solution like selected viewership options, child-locks etc. Newspapers are by far the safest media as far as keeping the societal harmony and values intact is concerned. The content is highly filtered and relatively less aggravating as the other mediums. That being said, Advertising has seen a positive trend in the recent years. With the clutter of hundreds and thousands of brands, each trying to get their share in the market, there is an increase in the marketing clutter on the traditional mass media. Whether these brands ind ulge in ethical advertising is another debate altogether, but the media should be responsible to ensure that at least misleading product ads and infomercials are not given airtime, as it demonstrates false information which is against the ethics of a media aimed at targeting the masses. With the advent of technology, the birth of the internet, mobile devices etc. have brought about a change in the popularity of the mass traditional media. The importance and ‘mass coverage’ element is still intact, though there is a rapid shift of the people towards other media like e-papers, e-news, websites, social networking sites, blogs etc. Where these media stand for technological advancement, modernity and mobility, there are several issues attached to them as well. The basic change in media has been because of the introduction of two mediums, namely, the internet and the cellphones. The internet has brought about a positive change in the world through its endless benefits, some o f which are absolute connectivity, availability of information on almost every topic in the world, Job search and hiring, interactive Marketing Avenue for companies, readily available product review, online education opportunities, and video conferencing programs like Skype etc. But, like mentioned earlier, everything comes with its pros and cons, so does this highly beneficial media. People can

Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate

Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate Natalija Miller Get Your Daily Dose of Chocolate: The Darker, The Better! It has been reported that there are certain types of bacteria located within the human stomach that will actually ferment chocolate into heart-healthy, anti-inflammatory compounds. At the 247th National Meeting Exposition of the American Chemical Society, hosted at the Dallas Convention Center this last March, this conclusion was drawn and presented. Maria Moore who is surprisingly enough, an undergraduate student working on this research stated that two different types of microbes live within a person’s stomach. There are good ones like â€Å"Bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria†, which help to break down the chocolate, and then there’s the not so great ones such as some forms of Clostridia and E. coli, which have been known to not only produce inflammation, but also to potentially cause â€Å"gas, bloating, diarrhea and constipation†. She notes that, â€Å"When you eat dark chocolate, they [the good microbes] grow and ferment it, producing compou nds that are anti-inflammatory†. These researchers from Louisiana State University, led by John Finley, Ph.D., are the first to be conducting a study about dark chocolate’s effects on the multiple bacteria that reside within the stomach. It was said that when the compounds are absorbed, they effectively reduce the possibility of a stroke in later years by lessening cardiovascular tissue inflammation. By testing a total of 3 different types of cocoa powder in a mock digestive tract composed of â€Å"modified test tubes† used to mimic normal digestion, these researchers, â€Å"subjected the non-digestible materials to anaerobic fermentation using human fecal bacteria†. The main ingredient in chocolate, the thing that makes chocolate, chocolate cocoa powder, contains an abundance of polyphenolic compounds (antioxidants) catechin and epicatechin being two prominent examples and dietary fiber in a relatively small amount, both of which are â€Å"poorly dig ested and absorbed†. Finley then explained that, â€Å"In our study we found that the fiber is fermented and the large polyphenolic polymers are metabolized to smaller molecules, which are more easily absorbed. These smaller polymers exhibit anti-inflammatory activity†. Also, polyphenols found in the stomach may be converted or transformed to reduce inflammation by joining together prebiotics and cocoa powder fiber, increasing one’s overall health. Prebiotics can be defined as complex carbohydrates that cannot be broken down and digested, but the good bacteria in the stomach like to â€Å"eat† them. Finley then went on to say that, â€Å"When you ingest prebiotics, the beneficial gut microbial population increases and outcompetes any undesirable microbes in the gut, like those that cause stomach problems†. This article ended with a note on how dark chocolate could prove to be even more beneficial if combined with things like pomegranate, acai berry or other solid fruits (American Chemical Society, 2014). As far as how this concept pertains to the things that we have talked about in class this past year, we may need to dive a little deeper into the process than this article goes. Because we have yet to really learn anything about physio-chemistry which is where a vast majority of these concepts apply we’re going to have to talk in rather general terms. Considering the fact that the class is termed, â€Å"General Chemistry†, it would seem reasonable to do just that. First things first, we must consider a lab that was done rather early on in the year. While discussing solubility in class, a lab was done in which a certain solution was suspended in a test tube, combined with another solution and then heated until a solid was produced. This process formed something called a ‘precipitate’. Precipitate is define in the dictionary as, â€Å"to cause (something solid) to become separated from a liquid especially by a chemical process† (referring to the proc edure) or merely as a â€Å"a substance precipitated from a solution† (the solid itself) (Merriam-Websters online dictionary, n.d.). The other concept worth taking note of is thermodynamics. We have discussed Gibbs Free Energy in class these past few weeks. This too plays a role. A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson, the compilers of Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book), refer to a process called Ostwald Ripening a process in which small, solid particles in a liquid compound are taken out of solution, while the dissolved species residing on the outside of those larger particles undergo redeposition. This process is one of the key underlying contributors to digestion. Food enters the stomach which is suspended (allowing the effects of gravity) placed in a solution of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride, and sodium chloride (gastric acid) (Stewart, 1981), heated by the body, and then, through Ostwald Ripening, the food comes out as a larger, â€Å"purer/cleaner† (American Chemical Society, 2014), precipitated substance . One of the reasons why this process goes over so smoothly is because, â€Å"smaller particles have a higher surface energy, hence higher total Gibbs energy, than larger particles, giving rise to an apparent higher solubility† (McNaught Wilkinson, 1997). These concepts are important to take note of, with respect to the article about how great dark-chocolate is for a person’s overall health, because in order to understand how the chocolate is broken down and absorbed, there needs to be a foundation for how the process works in general. Understanding that the substance will dissociate in the stomach and the essentials for that operation, will open up a better foundation for someone to apprehend what the article was stating. The researchers concluded that chocolate contains two poorly digested materials. After the brief discussion on what digestion is, it can determined that chocolate has certain substances that cannot be precipitated. What then does the body do with what it cannot digest, or break down? Well, the answer according to the article is that they are â€Å"eaten†, fermented, metabolized and then absorbed by bacteria. In the case of cocoa powder, the products of this process have anti-inflammatory properties and can reduce the risk of stroke and stomach problems (American Chemical Society, 2014). Even though all the information on digestion was not included in this article, I thought what they did include was sufficiently put together, but in my personal opinion, to anyone who isn’t already knowledgeable about the subject in at least some capacity, would walk away from the article thinking nothing more than, â€Å"Sweet, dark-chocolate is good for me. I should eat more of it.† While this article is not necessarily promoting such action, it’s not opposing it either. The information, however, seems to be geared towards those who do, in fact, have an already established foundation for this type of material. I thought that the article was very reader-friendly and tried to give anyone curious enough to read about it a basic overview of the study, but I was ultimately left questioning more than I was before reading it. Because of what I have learned about thermodynamics, solubility and precipitation, I have to wonder a couple of things. For instance, how do good bacteria â€Å"eat† away the complex carbohydrates and dietary fiber and then ferment it? Is the process drastically different than digestion? What sort of heat is needed for that reaction to occur? I am interested in how, at the end of each process both digestion and fermentation/metabolization nutrients from the substance eaten are absorbed. How is the process of events different for each reaction? I have to wonder how these compounds have anti-inflammatory properties after absorption. What do those bacterium do to the dark-chocolate’s components, and ultimately, why isn’t the bacteria digested or fermented? Does it have to do with what reactions occur within the stomach? That would my best guess. These are all questions that I ask myself now because general chemistry has taught me a lot about reactions, what will react, what won’t and in what capacity. Because of that, I am left wondering more about what it is exactly that is happening in my stomach, not only when I eat dark-chocolate, but any time I put food in my mouth. How does our body know how to process certain foods? This concept is very interesting, and I have general chemistry to thank for that. Works Cited American Chemical Society. Press Room. (2014, March 18). The precise reason for the health benefits of dark chocolate: mystery solved. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2014/march/the-precise-reason-for-the-health-benefits-of-dark-chocolate-mystery-solved.html McNaught, A. D., Wilkinson, A. (1997). Ostwald ripening. Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the Gold Book). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. precipitate. n.d., In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/precipitate Stewart, P. A. (1981). Chapter 1: 1.5 Other Bodily Fluids. How to understand acid-base: a quantitative acid-base primer for biology and medicine. New York: Elsevier.

Waste Land Essay: Ceremonies and Rituals :: T.S. Eliot Waste Land Essays

The Waste Land:   Ceremonies and Rituals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ceremonies are prevalent throughout T.S. Eliot’s poem The Waste Land. Eliot relies on literary contrasts to illustrate the specific values of meaningful, effectual rituals of primitive society in contrast to the meaningless, broken, sham rituals of the modern day.   These contrasts serve to show how ceremonies can become broken when they are missing vital components, or they are overloaded with too many.   Even the way language is used in the poem furthers the point of ceremonies, both broken and not. In section V of The Waste Land, Eliot writes,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "After the torchlight red on sweaty faces   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After the frosty silence in the gardens   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After the agony in stony places   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The shouting and the crying   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prison and palace and reverberation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Of thunder of spring over distant mountains   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He who was living is now dead" (ll. 322-328). The imagery of a primal ceremony is evident in this passage.   The last line of "He who was living is now dead" shows the passing of the primal ceremony; the connection to it that was once viable is now dead.   The language used to describe the event is very rich and vivid: red, sweaty, stony.   These words evoke an event that is without the cares of modern life- it is primal and hot.   A couple of lines later Eliot talks of "red sullen faces sneer and snarl/ From doors of mudcracked houses" (ll. 344-345). These lines too seem to contain language that has a primal quality to it.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   From the primal roots of ceremony Eliot shows us the contrast of broken ceremonies.   Some of these ceremonies are broken because they are lacking vital components.   A major ceremony in The Waste Land is that of sex.   The ceremony of sex is broken, however, because it is missing components of love and consent.   An example of this appears in section II, lines 99-100, "The change of Philomel, by the barbarous king/ So rudely forced"; this is referring to the rape of Philomel by King Tereus of Thrace.   The forcing of sex on an unwilling partner breaks the entire ceremony of sex.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rape is not the only way a broken sex ceremony can take place.  Ã‚  The broken ceremony can also occur when there is a lack of love, as shown in lines 222-256.   This passage describes a scene between "the typist" and "the young man carbuncular".

The movie industry

The movie industry has already established its roots in this lifetime, and probably even in the next. Hollywood itself is a historical entity; it has its own life, its own people, and its own followers and worshippers. It is like a cult that creates a huge amount of money every single day. It has invaded not only the big screen, but our televisions and music players as well. In fact, the three categories of entertainment have often intertwined and exchanged characters. We obsess over the movies that we feel like we can relate to. Maybe it’s because of the theme, or the ending of the story that has really touched our lives.Or it was a favorite book that we have read a million times that can now live outside our imaginations and can visually please us on the big screen. Or we watch a movie simply because we adore the actors in it, so much so that we know what they ate for breakfast for the whole week. We have been following the movie industry for a long time now. We praise and w orship those who make the biggest money on its opening week and almost not mention those who do not even make it to the big screen and directly to DVDs. Money is the ultimate cause and end of this industry. And it is said that money is also the reason why the ratings exist.Almost all movies have a rating by the MPAA. However, the accuracy and the legitimacy of these ratings are being questioned not only by the film industry players, but mostly by the people the MPAA swore to exist for, the American parents and their innocent children. The issue that exists now is not whether or not parents should allow their children to watch movies that have been labeled as restricted for them, but the integrity of the ratings itself is questionable. The controversies surrounding the ratings of Hollywood movies cloud over the fact that the principal reason for the existence of the ratings is responsibility and sensibility.Their goal as an association is to be of assistance to the American parents t o help them guide their children in restricting and choosing which movies to watch. As it was stated by Jack Valenti, former MPAA president, in an article that he wrote, â€Å"To offer to parents some advance information about movies so that parents can decide what movies they want their children to see or not to see (Valenti). † But several critiques and hullabaloos have been shed in lieu of the existence of this ratings organization.Some say that the board members are biased towards the producers and directors that they have come to love. Some say that the members of this board abhor movies that targets issues that they are sensitive about. It seems that the existence of such an organization cannot really protect anybody, if that is what they are really for. If I was a parent, and I was asked if I should allow my children to watch movies that were labeled unsuitable for them by a group of people that have questionable goals and motives, I would say yes, I will definitely al low them.I would advocate allowing children to watch restricted stamped movies because I know that even if the ratings do not exist, the parents will be responsible enough to discuss issues with their children firsthand. The parents have the discretion when it comes to watching these movies with their children. Parents exist for guidance and support, for explanation and for realization. Some parents are willing to be open and discuss important life changing issue with their children and do not encounter any problems with it.Some parents shy away from the issue because they think their children would not understand. But this is not true. School-aged children are old and mature enough to try to understand issues. According to Erik Erikson’s theory of developmental tasks, school-aged children are already curious as to how and why things operate the way they do. Their intense curiosities may be able to teach them a lot already, especially if someone they trust, like their parents , will be delivering the information to them firsthand (Kaplan). There is nothing wrong with a child knowing some sensitive topics at such a young age.In fact, children today are very aware of global issues and how these things affect them. The MPAA can stamp their ratings on movies as long as they want and they could, but they really could not stop any parent from allowing their children to watch movies. Secondly, I deem it unnecessary for a ratings board such as the MPAA to exist. Ratings are arbitrary and subjective; the people who stamp these ratings on movies are people just like us, human beings that can be subjected to persuasions and influences. Some filmmakers are making their case against the MPAA heard.According to Scoot Bowles of USA Today, Harvey Weinstein’s movie Grindhouse was in the brink of being rated NC-17, a rating that cannot only lower your sales, but can totally cross out your movie from existence. So Weinstein’s game plan was to make Quentin Tar antino, infamous creator the Kill Bill series, which also happens to be the director of Grindhouse, face the debate with the MPAA (Bowles). Apparently, the board loves Tarantino, and instead of giving the Grindhouse an NC-17 rating, they got an R with little trimming in the horror exploitation film. Also, rating is even voluntary (The Classification and Rating Administration).Film makers can opt not to get their movies rated, this is a freedom of choice. However if this is the case, why is it that almost all films are getting ratings when it isn’t really a requirement? There are issues surrounding this statement. Some are saying that it is a taboo when a film is not rated, or unrated, mostly because unrated films are foreign films, obscure independent films, direct-to-video films, pornographic films, made-for-TV films, large format (IMAX) films, or documentaries that are not expected to play outside the art house market, films that are not going to hit the top ten box office sales any time soon (Medved).In addition to that, when a film is unrated, some cinemas of DVD stores do not sell them anymore, which is equal to lesser revenues (Bowles). Films rated NC-17 are also almost unable to sell, hence when a film gets this rating, the makers usually plea for a change in rating. The film makers and the MPAA members agree on a new rating, with a compromise. There would be more cuts and whatever else the MPAA board decides to do. This in itself is questionable. When a rating is made, the rating should stick.How can the organization prove to the parents their worthy is they accept negotiations? Ratings should be given and they should be final. The NC-17 rating is most dreaded because not only will this cut your market in half, but will also make an impression already before it can be given the chance to be seen and heard. There are currently five categories of MPAA ratings. First is the G rating, which means General Audiences-All Ages Admitted, the PG rating, P arental Guidance Suggested.Some Material May Not Be Suitable For Children, PG-13 is Parents Strongly Cautioned. Some Material May Be Inappropriate For Children Under 13, next is the R rating, or Restricted, Under 17 Requires Accompanying Parent Or Adult Guardian and finally the NC-17 or No One 17 And Under Admitted rating (Valenti). Regardless of rating, children should be allowed to see works of art. Movie making is creativity at its best, for a targeted audience. I believe that movie makers should be given this freedom to express their art and their visions, how they see the world.And as their audience, people should be given the chance to see it and appreciate it, give the applause it deserves. Unfortunately, movie making has become a money making industry. Some independent films are really worthy of the exposure, but because they are being crushed by the bigger movie moguls, they cannot compete with it. The MPAA is even said to be biased towards the movie moguls in the industry (Medved). Eventually it will all boil down to choice. It is the movie maker’s choice to heed the advice of the MPAA and accept their ratings.It is the MPAA board’s choice to give a rating to the movie. Most importantly, it is the audience’s choice whether or not to see the film, whether or not to allow their children to watch it. Restrictions are just guidance, a reminder that there may be some issue or graphic scenes that the MPAA deem not suitable for such an audience, but it is still up to the parents to assert their final decision. Responsible parenthood can immediately and automatically turn down the tables for the MPAA or the movie industry itself.Nobody really has to be told about their morals, for it is subjective, it depends on the individual. The system at how movies are rated is questionable, no doubt, but the way parents discipline their children is not. They can opt to allow their child to see R rated movies, and the consequences of such an act, may it be good or bad, is theirs for the taking. Works Cited: Kaplan. The Basics. New York: Kaplan Publishing, 2007. Medved, Michael. â€Å"R-Rated Movies Not A Good Investment For Hollywood. † 2000. Texas A&M University. 10 December 2008 . â€Å"Questions & Answers: Everything You Always Wanted To Know About The Movie Rating System. † 2000. The Classification and Rating Administration. 10 December 2008 . Bowles, Scott. â€Å"Debating the MPAA's mission. † 2007. USA Today. 10 December 2008 . Valenti, Jack. â€Å"How it all began. † 2000. MPA. 10 December 2008 .

Biography of Luigi Galvani, Electrophysiology Pioneer

Biography of Luigi Galvani, Electrophysiology Pioneer Luigi Galvani (September 9, 1737–December 4, 1798) was an  Italian physician who demonstrated what we now understand to be the electrical basis of nerve impulses. In 1780, he accidentally made frog muscles twitch by jolting them with a spark from an electrostatic machine. He went on to develop a theory of animal electricity. Fast Facts: Luigi Galvani Known For:  Demonstrating the electrical basis of nerve impulsesAlso Known As:  Aloysius GalvanusBorn:  September 9, 1737 in Bologna,  Papal StatesParents: Domenico Galvani  and  Barbara Caterina Galvani  Died:  December 4, 1798 in Bologna, Papal StatesEducation: University of Bologna, Bologna, Papal StatesPublished Works: De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius (Commentary on the Effect of Electricity on Muscular Motion)Spouse: Lucia Galeazzi Galvani  Notable Quote: I was fired with incredible zeal and desire of having the same experience, and of bringing to light whatever might be concealed in the phenomenon. Therefore I myself also applied the point of a scalpel to one or other crural nerve at a time when one or other of those who were present elicited a spark. The phenomenon always occurred in the same manner: violent contraction in individual muscles of the limbs, just as if the prepared animal had been seized with tetanus, were induced at the same moment of time in which sparks were discharged. Early Life and Education Luigi Galvani was born in Bologna, Italy, on September 9, 1737. As a young man he wished to take religious vows, but his parents persuaded him to go to university instead. He studied at the University of Bologna, where he earned his degree in medicine and philosophy in 1759. Work and Research After graduation, he supplemented his own research and practice as an honorary lecturer at the university. His earliest published papers covered a wide range of topics, from the anatomy of bones to the urinary tracts of birds. By the end of the 1760s, Galvani had married Lucia Galeazzi, the daughter of a former professor. They had no children. Galvani became a professor of anatomy and surgery at the university, taking the position of his father-in-law after he died. In the 1770s, Galvani’s focus shifted from anatomy to the relationship between electricity and life. Great Discovery As with many scientific discoveries, a colorful story is told about the accidental revelation of bioelectricity. According to Galvani himself, one day he observed his assistant using a scalpel on a nerve in a frog’s leg. When a nearby electric generator created a spark, the frog’s leg twitched. This observation prompted Galvani to develop his famous experiment. He spent years testing his hypothesis- that electricity can enter a nerve and force a contraction- with a variety of metals. Animal Electricity Later, Galvani was able to cause muscular contraction without a source of electrostatic charge by touching the frog’s nerve with different metals. After further experimenting with natural (i.e., lightning) and artificial (i.e., friction) electricity, he concluded that animal tissue contained its own innate vital force, which he termed animal electricity. He believed animal electricity to be a third form of electricity- a view that wasn’t altogether uncommon in the 18th century. While these findings were revelatory, astonishing many in the scientific community at the time, it took a contemporary of Galvani’s, Alessandro Volta, to fine-tune the meaning of Galvani’s discoveries. Voltas Response A professor of physics, Volta was among the first to mount a serious response to Galvani’s experiments. Volta proved that the electricity did not emerge from the animal tissue itself, but from the effect produced by the contact of two different metals in a moist environment (a human tongue, for instance). Ironically, our current understanding shows that both scientists were right. Galvani would attempt to respond to Volta’s conclusions by doggedly defending his theory of animal electricity, but the onset of personal tragedies (his wife died in 1790) and the political momentum of the French Revolution prevented him from pursuing his response. Later Life and Death Napoleon’s troops occupied Northern Italy (including Bologna) and in 1797 academics were required to take an oath of allegiance to the republic declared by Napoleon. Galvani refused and was forced to leave his position. Without income, Galvani moved back to his childhood home. He died there on December 4, 1798, in relative obscurity. Legacy Galvani’s influence lives on, not only in the discoveries that his work inspired- like Volta’s eventual development of the electric battery- but in a wealth of scientific terminology as well. A galvanometer is an instrument used to detect electric current. Galvanic corrosion, meanwhile, is an accelerated electrochemical corrosion that occurs when dissimilar metals are placed in electrical contact. Lastly, the term galvanism is used in biology to signify any muscular contraction stimulated by an electrical current. In physics and chemistry, galvanism is the induction of electrical current from a chemical reaction. Galvani has a surprising role in literary history as well. His experiments on frogs evoked a haunting sense of reawakening in the way they motivated movement in a dead animal. Galvanis observations served as a noted inspiration for Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. Sources Dibner, Bern.  Galvani-Volta: A Controversy That Led to the Discovery of Useful Electricity. Burndy Library, 1952.Commentary On The Effect Of Electricity On Muscular MotionFull text of .â€Å"Luigi Galvani.†Ã‚  MagLab.

How I Get the Best Out of FundsforWriters Newsletter

How I Get the Best Out of FundsforWriters Newsletter Hopes FFW is a great newsletter and completely deserves its reputation as a great resource for writers. The newsletter is one of a handful. In every edition there is at least one publication I think â€Å"I like the sound of that – Ill send them an LOI or a pitch!† But theres a problem, a catch-22 if you like: Hopes newsletter is way too popular! When I first subscribed to FFW as soon as Id read it I would start researching the publications – check out their style, recent articles etc. But my pitches usually bombed even though I had a really good rate of acceptance from other publications Id researched. The penny dropped when I noticed one publication Id just read about in FFW had closed their doors for submission due to a sudden increase in pitches before I got further than the research. Of course! We were all pitching the same editors at the same time. As soon as I clicked on to this, I changed my approach not just with FFW but with all the newsletters I receive which list magazine submission details. Suddenly my rate of success with these editors vastly improved. I use a staggered approach now. Heres what I do: 1) I read FFW as soon as it appears in my inbox but only for the Editors Thoughts and the Featured Article. Its always good to get new ideas and encouragement. 2) I look at time-sensitive notices like competitions. I admit these are low priority for me as Im too busy with non-fiction work to do much story writing. I also ignore grants because not many of them apply to the UK where I live. 3) This is the important bit: I file FFW newsletter in a special email folder and ignore it for about six months. That way, if theres a flurry of pitches from eager writers, I miss the crush. These publications have usually been around for a while, so theres no rush! I have a stack of about two years of FFWs and other newsletters ready to use now. 4) I then pick an FFW from the back catalog and choose publications to pitch. The choice can be random – might be from six months earlier, or four months, or even a year. It really doesnt matter as long as its old. Its almost stupidly simple but what a difference this has made to the acceptances Ive seen! Now I have a level playing field to pitch to rather than trying to shout to be heard after the sudden interest has died down. Ive found that if youre good enough you wont miss the boat. As long as the publications keep running, theyll always need new articles. For instance, just recently I pitched a piece to Little India – the largest overseas Indian magazine in the world which Hope wrote about at the end of May last year. Despite being a big publication, I heard back from them within 24 hours accepting my pitch and the article was published in April this year. Im quite certain that had I pitched the editor back in May I probably wouldnt have heard from him at all. Sometimes, it seems, the last shall be first.

Why does religious extremism produce terror Essay

Why does religious extremism produce terror - Essay Example This is the reason why terrorism is abhorred across the board and the reasons seem to be aplenty. When terrorism is fueled by religious extremism, there is evidence available to justify why this form of fundamentalism should be kept at a distance, otherwise terrorism can be ignited with absolute wrath and destruction towards the sanity of this earth. The thing that essentially comes out too religious about religious extremism is the fanaticism which is found in almost all major religions and monotheistic faiths. If this element is removed from these religions and beliefs, there is a definite sign of optimism which can be obtained undoubtedly. Terror has no place within any religion of the world and this has been proven through evidence of study, research and practice. This paper discusses how terrorism is producing some of the biggest horrors in the world of today and how religious extremism is playing its negative role all along. An effort has been made to understand the issues plag uing the various religions and how the monotheistic faiths are combating this menace within their boundaries. Even though this seems like a difficult process, this paper has incorporated the ideologies in a manner which is in line with the discussion at hand. Moving on with what has been presented earlier, it would be fair to state that religious extremism is a dangerous precedent for the coming generations, more so because all of these have started in the present times and not more than 20 years ago. It seems to be in an upward trend – a fact which is all the more distressing to note. Terrorism has come about because people have stopped believing in a global good, yet not all people are responsible for the same undertaking. There are individuals who are still doing efforts to make sure this world remains a better place than it is at the present. Then again, there are some people who would like to think the very opposite of what has been documented. These individuals believe in fighting for the sake of religion, no matter who gets killed or what form of destruction happens. This is ironic of any society in the world and for this reason, it is rightly adjudged as the worst form of religious extremism. Just because some segment of the society does not quite believe in a philosophy which is making the rounds, stands no chance to bring about the act of religious intolerance which essentially leads to killings, mass slaughtering of human beings and destruction for public property. There needs to be a reason behind this madness and the same should be understood by one and all because it is the need of the time. Perhaps this is the discussion which is cropping up amongst youngsters, adults and elders whenever they meet at a place and talk about the growing insurgency that the common man has in this day and age. There must be an end to religious extremism and one should believe attaching the ‘religion’ premise is more than half of the problem itsel f. Even when religion is not the buzzword here, the element of spirituality is spoken about which is somewhat convincing enough for extremists to get up and take the arms in their own hands. This is unfortunate yet quite true because it brings with it a sense of fear for the people, who are busy within their own lives and who have got nothing to do with a subject or matter they know little about. With the advent of time, the terror groups have been formed which is a stark revelation for present times. This is because these terror bodies have largely addressed the need for getting their point across to the people in a forceful way and they believe that this is the only rightful stance which they can take at a particular time. Unfortunate

Walmart Strategies in Action Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Walmart Strategies in Action - Research Paper Example This is accomplished through helping people to save money. Sam, Wal-Mart’s founder, wanted to improve people’s lives by lowering the high cost of living. Consequently, through the establishment of Wal-Mart, Sam succeeded in creating a suitable platform for implementing his vision. Thus, Wal-Mart facilitates savings amongst its customers by offering high quality products at extremely and relatively low prices. Consequently, in conjunction with Wal-Mart’s mission, its long term objectives include the following: Increased support of community based projects Contribution towards educational projects Participation in protection of environment and conservation of natural resources To employ a fully renewable energy supply system Creation of zero waste Wal-Mart and Technology In a world that is marred by immense technological advancements, Wal-Mart has been quick to adjust and to adapt to the trends in technology. In a bid to make its operations relevant and significant locally, Wal-Mart had to rely on the immense technological advancements in e-commerce. Consequently, Wal-Mart embraced the use of Facebook (the largest social media network in the world) in improving its local sales (Dishman, 2011). Through this program, users would be subscribed to information pertaining certain offers and new merchandise with regards to the Wal-Mart store of their choice. In addition, location of the desired store could also be done online. This would, in turn, ensure that users are kept abreast with different offers and merchandise from local stores. This process was aimed at boosting the significance of Wal-Mart’s local stores. It also created a platform for Wal-Mart’s customers to interact and associate with the company. Moreover, in the continued efforts of keeping up with the trends in technology, Wal-Mart also launched iPhone and iPad applications. iPhones and iPads have already been embraced in the gastronomy industry, and Wal-Mart seeks to c apitalize on these technological advancements to boost efficiency in customer service (Stephanie, 2012). The applications are uniquely designed to boost Wal-Mart’s efficiency with regards to weekly or monthly shopping. Through the implementation of such applications, customers can make purchases from the comfort of their smart phones and other Internet devices. Consequently, the process has to be backed by a corresponding efficient delivery system. This, in turn, relieves customers the hustle of physically going to the stores especially for routine products. Through the applications, additional information concerning different products can be availed to the customers, thus, enhancing their decision making. In keeping up with the company’s mission, the applications also assist the clients by providing updated costs of listed products. This would, in turn, result in increased awareness in consumer spending, thus, helping the customers in their budgeting endeavors. Porter 's Five Generic Strategies Porter's five generic strategies encompass the following aspects: Cost leadership strategy Differentiation strategy Focus strategy (1) Cost leadership strategy According to Porter, cost leadership strategy calls for cost effective operations. However, the quality of the products or service should not be compromised. Consequently, being in the retail industry, Wal-Mart also capitalized on cost leadership s

How is Jesus described in Matthew's Gospel as the fulfillment of Essay

How is Jesus described in Matthew's Gospel as the fulfillment of Jewish hope - Essay Example In addition, he expected, in some respects that the gentiles would adhere to some aspects of the Torah beyond the laws that were formed for status or social distinction. Therefore, any portrayal in the 1st century of Jesus, obviously, would reflect Jesus as a Jew as was the case. However, it is the Gospel of Matthew, among all the other Gospels, that stresses the Jewish origins of Jesus. In the Gospel of Matthew, it is evident that Jesus is the ultimate fulfillment of the scriptures of the Jews in more than a dozen citations of fulfillment. Matthew starts by presenting Him as David’s son and an anointed king. Jesus, in the Gospel of Matthew, is presented as the new coming of Moses, for example, in the birth narrative. In the Sermon on the Mount, Matthew alludes to the continued theme contending that Jesus was the prophet whom the Jews had been expecting like Moses, and this is addressed in Matthew chapters 5 to 73. Here, Jesus continues to affirm the validity of the Torah to h is followers. He exemplifies that his intention is not to abolish Moses’ law or the earlier prophets but that he had arrived to fulfill them. He also claims that not an iota will pass from the Torah until it is accomplished in its totality. Jesus also teaches that anyone who relaxes these laws, even the least of them, and causes other men to do so will be the least in heaven and vice versa. He finishes by stating that unless the righteousness of his followers exceeds the Pharisees and scribes, they will not see heaven. The followers of Jesus, therefore, were required to obey the Torah in a manner that was better than the Pharisees were. The Pharisees had a reputation, both in the Gospels and outside it for following the Torah carefully in their everyday life beyond what was practiced by other Jews4. This comes through as a key to the elucidation of the following material that Jesus quotes Moses’ law and interprets the law in a manner, which affirms in the strongest ter ms the laws’ original intent as Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew comprehended it. These do not seek to replace Moses’ law but, instead, present a radicalization of why God gave the laws in the view of Matthew. Some of those in the community that Matthew wrote the Gospel for, as well as Matthew himself, evidently went on placing importance on adhering to the Jewish law and continue being Jewish in this manner5. The Gospel of Matthew was written around the year 80-85 CE, which was about twenty years following the death of the apostle6. It is, therefore, clear that another person and it wrote this Gospel is likely that this person was trained in the law of the Jews as Matthew was. As with the rest of the Gospels, Matthew possesses a unique perspective since it interprets Jesus’ life for a specific audience. Matthew’s first readers constituted of Jews and Christian converts, who previously gentiles were living in Antioch. The first Christians were converts from Judaism, although when the church began to accept gentiles, conflicts abounded. For instance, they had to decide whether the later converts would be required to convert to Judaism first on being accepted into the Christian faith7. The argument was as to whether they would have to observe traditional customs of the Jews and follow the Law of Moses. The argument also

Black People and African American Actors Essay Example for Free

Black People and African American Actors Essay Stereotyping is the automatic/ exaggerated mental pictures that people hold about a particular racial group without taking individual differences into consideration. Examples of stereotyping would be the main characters of the movie Rio2, Jewel and Blue being voiced by white actors whilst their ‘wild’ relatives are voiced by ‘non-white’ actors implying sophistication as well as in the movie Despicable Me 2 where El Macho and his son are given a Spanish image portraying a smooth talker and an irresistible lover that is often stereotypes about Spanish people. [87] People seem oblivious to the racial content due to various distractions like visual stimuli such as 3D effects and the contrasting use of color, sound effects such as surround sound and the voices of the character and lastly the plot of the story. Most people are over stimulated by these ‘distractions’ that they rarely notice the stereotyping. Another factor would be that parents neglect the responsibility to screen the movies that their children are watching. In some instances the stereotyping may be instilled in some parents from birth resulting in children seeing stereotyping as normal behavior. [96] Subtle racial prejudices towards Hispanic and Black people in Rio2 were the implication that ‘wild’ Amazonian Macaws voiced by ‘non- white ‘actors are uncivilized. Songs sung by these Macaws are primarily voiced by African American actors accompanied by rhythmic beats and movements with catchy phrases primarily found in native song and dance. Roberto (wild Macaw) is voiced by the singer Bruno Mars who is from a mixture of Jewish and Hawaiian decent implying (help with that word). Pedro and Nico two rapping, gangster, music loving birds are voiced by two equally successful and famous rappers Will.I.Am and Jamie Foxx [99] From this passage I can conclude that even though warnings about stereotyping may be placed before animation movies, many parents would still allow their children to watch it. [31]

Archimedes :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Archimedes S. Romano   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Archimedes was a native of Syracuse, Sicily. Some authors have said that he visited Egypt and invented a device there now known as Archimedes' screw. This screw is a pump, still used in many parts of the world. When Archimedes was a young man, he studied with the descendants of Euclid in Alexandria. He was familiar with the mathematics used there, and he knew personally the mathematicians working there and he sent his results to Alexandria with personal messages. He regarded Conon of Samos, one of the mathematicians at Alexandria, very highly for his abilities as a mathematician and he also regarded him as a close friend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the preface to â€Å"On Spirals† Archimedes told a story about his friends in Alexandria. He said that he was in the habit of sending them statements of his latest theorems, but without giving proofs. Some of the mathematicians there claimed the results as their own so Archimedes said that on the last occasion when he sent them theorems he included two which were false. Other than in the prefaces to his works, information about Archimedes comes to us from a number of sources such as in stories from Plutarch, Livy, and others. Plutarch tells us that Archimedes was related to King Hieron II of Syracuse. Evidence of his friendship with the family of King Hieron II comes from the fact that â€Å"The Sandreckoner† was dedicated to Gelon, the son of King Hieron.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many of references to Archimedes in the writings of the time. He was probably the only mathematician of his time with such a high reputation. This is because he was not interest in new mathematical ideas but had invented war machines. They were particularly effective in the defense of Syracuse when it was attacked by the Romans and Marcellus. Plutarch writes in his work on Marcellus, the Roman commander, about how Archimedes' war machines were used against the Romans in the siege of 212 BC; â€Å"... when Archimedes began to ply his engines, he at once shot against the land forces all sorts of missile weapons, and immense masses of stone that came down with incredible noise and violence; against which no man could stand; for they knocked down those upon whom they fell in heaps, breaking all their ranks and files. In the meantime huge poles thrust out from the walls

Epilepsy Control Prayer Type Exercise Health And Social Care Essay

Epilepsy is caused by sudden bustles of electrochemical activity in the encephalon, which interrupt the ‘conversation ‘ among nerve cells. Consciousness, memory, sense, address, temper, motion, and gestures can all be affected during the one or two proceedingss that the ictus lasts. Walking, jogging, running and stationary bicycling are peculiarly safe, but particularly â€Å" Prayer type yoga exercising † clearly benefits epileptic dwellers to command epilepsy because it frequently reduces ictus frequence, relieves depression, decreases societal segregation, and promotes cardiac and general wellness. This paper proposes the survey about yoga â€Å" Prayer † , which is non truly an exercising but similar to yoga, assisting in commanding of epilepsy and besides physically, mentally, spiritually relaxation can besides be achieved through this method. Spiritual spiritual believe and patterns have an of import impact on both physical and mental wellness. The consequence of exercising on ictus frequence and abrasiveness [ 1, 2 ] has been demonstrated, and exercising may confabulate a protective consequence on epileptic patients [ 3, 4 ] . Patients who contribute in physical activity present fewer ictuss than inactive patients, but neither the cause nor the consequence are established [ 1 ] . However, the alterations in the EEG created by exercising and the reduced response to hyperventilation after exercising are associated to steel cell acidosis [ 5 ] , bespeaking that physical exercising suppresses activity and raises the ictus threshold. In add-on, effects of physical exercising in human being with epilepsy has been demonstrated [ 6, 7 ] and physical preparation during the chronic period reduces the frequence of ictuss [ 7 ] . Brain metamorphosis during ictuss and interictal periods provides a signal of the cardinal nervous system structures responsible for the coevals, extension, and control of the epileptic activity. Epilepsy is a general term used for a group of upsets that cause instability in electrical signaling in the encephalon. Such as such an office edifice or a computing machine, the encephalon is a extremely complex electrical being, powered by approximately 80 pulsations of energy per second. There are many kinds of ictus i.e. Partial or focal ictuss, complex partial ictus, simple partial ictuss, absence ictuss, tonic-clonic ictuss, myoclonic ictuss, childish cramps, atonic or a kinetic ictuss and feverish ictuss. Before a ictus, many people experience a warning mark called an aura, which may affect a peculiar odor, feeling or ocular consequence. Additionally after a ictus, a individual may be confused, tired, or sleepy, experience musculus achings or tenderness, and may non retrieve what happened. Participating in physical activity and exercising has of import benefits, including preventing, handling and cut downing hazard factors for conditions such as coronary bosom disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and degenerative arthritis. Physical activity can besides positively impact terrible conditions, such as malignant neoplastic disease, and support life style alterations, such as smoking surcease [ 11, 12 ] . Furthermore, people with epilepsy face extra barriers to exert, as epilepsy well impacts their wellness and lifestyle [ 13, 14 ] . Many patients with epilepsy are physically inactive owing to frights of exercise-induced ictuss or counsel given by household members and wellness experts [ 15, 16 ] . Patients with epilepsy who overcome these barriers and concerns, nevertheless, stand to profit from physical activity in a figure of ways, with improved cardiovascular wellness among the most outstanding [ 17 ] . A survey in Scandinavia reported that, where 10 % of the population with epilepsy is prone to holding ictuss induced by strenuous exercising, another 30 % to 40 % of the study population experienced reasonably reduced ictuss following regular physical exercising [ 18 ] . Patients with epilepsy can by and large be confident to prosecute in physical activity, yet because of the specialnesss of each person ‘s epilepsy, audience with a doctor must predate activity [ 18 ] . Epileptic utilizations different ways of aerophilic exercising i.e. Dancing, Swimming, Pilates and yoga, Team athleticss, Weight preparation, Golf, Tennis, Squash, Racket athleticss, Rowing, kayaking, Cycling, Aerobics classes, Walking and jogging, but this paper nowadays another YOGA supplication type exercising, which is really nice as comparison to another exercisings, suited and easy for any one, any clip and besides can execute anyplace. II. Related Background Yoga physical exercising is by and large accepted to lend to general wellness and well-being superior temper, life quality and decrease in symptoms of anxiousness, unhappiness and depression [ 8, 9 ] . Positive physiologic effects, including improved cardiovascular fittingness are good standard [ 8 ] . However, during physical activity ( nonvoluntary hyperventilation ) , the increased respiratory rate is a creative activity of the greater metabolic and respiratory demand. This compensatory mechanism is wholly different from the procedure of non-physiological hyperventilation [ 10 ] . Many people with epilepsy do non take part in physical exercising classs and live a sedentary life [ 24, 26 ] . Momism, isolation, low self-pride, depression, and anxiousness [ 27, 29 ] are considerable barriers to an active life. Furthermore, obstacles for some individuals with epilepsy who desire to populate an active life are the impression that physical activity provokes ictuss and besides do them prone to hurts [ 24 ] . Several surveies have shown a low grade of engagement in physical activities among people with epilepsy [ 25, 26 ] . Although the chief concern with respect to physical exercising by individuals with epilepsy has been exercise-induced ictuss, other factors such as deficiency of preparation installations, jobs with transit, low motive, and fright of qualified teachers who know how to manage such jobs are noted [ 25 ] . Assorted surveies have been designed to analyze this topic comparing physical and societal activities among patients with epilepsy based on questio nnaires and/or clinical surveies [ 24, 30 ] . They besides assess physical fittingness by utilizing standardised trials of physical endurance [ 30, 31 ] and physical preparation plans [ 32 ] . Epidemiologic informations in the literature shows the relationship between epilepsy and physical exercising based on different populations from assorted states [ 25 ] . Observed that patients with epilepsy from a Norse population were half as active physically as the normal population and their physical fittingness corresponded to their sedentary life style. Other surveies have confirmed these findings demoing that people with epilepsy have a low grade of engagement in physical activities [ 24, 33 ] . The existent benefits of physical activities and aerophilic exercising are achieved by increasing bosom rate and take a breathing hard for an drawn-out period of clip. During this aerophilic activity the organic structure produces more energy and delivers more O to musculuss. Heart beats faster and increases the blood flow to musculuss and so back to lungs. Prayer is by and large understood as a communicative act between worlds and the Godhead. Yet as a communicative act it is slightly curious in that God ‘s ( the addressee ‘s ) presence and action is frequently rather unsure. Anthropologist Webb Keane notes, †In contrast to face-to-face brushs of conversation analysis, the presence, battle, and individuality of religious participants in the address event can non ever be presupposed or guaranteed [ 34 ] . Prayer frequently seeks to convey about interaction between human existences and other sorts of existences that would ( or should ) non otherwise occur. Even belief in the ubiquity of deity does non guarantee that one can interact with it † [ 34 ] . In contrast to interactions between worlds, supplication by and large involves uncertainness about whether and how the Godhead listens and responds, doing these dealingss remarkably complex [ 35 ] . Prayers are besides speech Acts of the Apostless, governed by peculiar sorts of address genres. As Keane ‘s quotation mark suggests, the fact that supplications can be distinguished as Acts of the Apostless of communicating with a Godhead histrion ( presence or agent ) organizes the certainties and uncertainnesss within these speech Acts of the Apostless in different ways [ 36 ] . Recent psychological literature concentrating on supplication and faith wages relatively small attending to non-agentic, subjective constructs of deity. Building on psychobiological evolutionary theoretical accounts of faith ‘s outgrowth as a response to peculiar biological and psychological riddles, Gods are interpreted and posited as speculations that play certain maps [ 37 ] . Increasing grounds suggests that religious and spiritual beliefs and patterns have an of import impact on both physical and mental wellness [ 19 ] . Data suggest that faith and spiritualty may be protective against physical and psychological unwellness every bit good as of import tools for get bying with life stressors [ 19 ] . More specifically, spiritualty has been shown to increase resiliency to depression in persons enduring from terminal unwellnesss religionism has been correlated with improved psychosocial accommodation in malignant neoplastic disease patients [ 20, 21 ] . In add-on, religious patterns, such as mindfulness speculation, have been associated with emphasis decrease and improved header among several populations, including chronic hurting patients, persons with panic upset [ 22 ] and overworked medical pupils [ 23 ] . III. Methodology and Results Yoga consists of a figure of â€Å" Asnas † or organic structure places, which one retains for a coveted length of clip while either declaiming â€Å" Mantras † or take a breathing in a rhythmic mode. Its benefits have been researched by many physicians who now recommend it to their patients, by many medical schools such as Harvard, and by many foundations such as the Menninger Foundation. The Muslim supplication has five places, and they all ( every bit good as the recitations we make while executing the supplication ) have a corresponding relationship with our religious and mental good being, harmonizing to modern scientific research. Muslims pray five times a twenty-four hours, which each supplication made of a series of positions and motions, each set of which is called a rak'ah. The benefits of executing specific motions and recitations each twenty-four hours come from the right rendering of the place or action itself, the length of clip the place is held, and from careful and right recitation techniques. Each of the five supplication places has a corresponding yoga place, and the places together â€Å" trip † all seven â€Å" chakras † ( energy Fieldss ) in the organic structure. The TAKBIR and AL-QIYYAM together are really similar to the â€Å" MOUNTAIN POSE † in yoga, which has been found to better position, balance, and self-awareness. This place besides normalizes blood force per unit area and external respiration, therefore supplying many benefits to asthma and bosom patients. Fig 1. Takbir Mountain Pose Figure 1. Takbir in supplication and Mountain in yoga. The arrangement of the custodies on the thorax during the Qiyyam place are said to trip the â€Å" SOLAR PLEXUS † chakra or nervus tract, which directs our consciousness of ego in the universe and controls the wellness of the muscular system, tegument, bowels, liver, pancreas, gall bladder and eyes. When the custodies are held unfastened for du'a, they activate the bosom â€Å" chakra, † said to be the centre of the feelings of love, harmoniousness and peace to command love and compassion. It besides governs the wellness of the bosom, lungs, Thymus, immune system, and circulatory system. Fig 2. Qiyyam Solar Plexus Figure 2. Qiyyam in supplication and Solar Plexus in yoga. The place of RUKU is really similar to the â€Å" FORWARD BEND † Position in yoga. Ruku stretches the musculuss of the lower dorsum, thighs, legs and calves, and allows blood to be pumped down into the upper trunk. It tones the musculuss of the tummy, venters, and kidneys. Forming a right angle allows the tummy muscles to develop and prevents limpness in the mid-section. This place besides promotes a greater flow of blood into the upper parts of organic structure – peculiarly to the caput, eyes, ears, nose, encephalon, and lungs – leting mental toxins to be released. Over clip, this improves encephalon map and 1s personality. This is an first-class stance to keep the proper place of the foetus in pregnant adult females. Fig 3. Ruku Forward Bend Figure 3. Ruku in supplication and Forward Bend in yoga. The SUJUD is said to trip the â€Å" CROWN CHAKRA † which is related to a individual ‘s religious connexion with the existence around them and their enthusiasm for religious chases. This nervus tract is besides correlated to the wellness of the encephalon, nervous system, and pineal secretory organ. Its healthy map balances 1s interior and exterior energies. In Sujud, we besides bend articulatio genuss. Therefore triping the â€Å" BASE CHAKRA † , this controls basic human endurance inherent aptitudes and provides indispensable foundation. Sujud helps to develop healthy and positive thought along with a extremely motivated position of life, and maintains the wellness of the lymph and skeletal systems, the prostate, vesica, and the adrenal secretory organs. We besides bend the â€Å" sacral chakra † during Sujud. Thus benefiting and chanting the generative variety meats. Fig 4. Sujud Crown Chakra Figur 4. Sujud in pray and Crown in yoga. The place of AL-QAADAH, ( Julus ) is similar to the â€Å" THUNDERBOLT POSE † in yoga, which houses the toes, articulatio genuss, thighs and legs. It is said to be good for those prone to inordinate slumber, and those who like to maintain long hours. Furthermore, this place assists in speedy digestion, aids the detoxification of the liver, and stimulates peristaltic action in the big bowel. Fig 5. Tashahhud Thunderbolt Pose Figure 5. Qiyyam in supplication and Thunderbolt Pose in yoga. Last, but non least, the SALAM as â€Å" THROAT CHAKRA † in yoga is activated by turning the caput towards first the right and so the left shoulder in the shutting of the supplication. This nerve way is linked to the pharynx, cervix, weaponries, custodies, bronchial, and hearing – set uping single creativeness and communicating. It is believed that a individual who activates all nervus tracts at least one time a twenty-four hours can stay good balanced emotionally, physically and spiritually. The physicians and medical practicians suggest for the epileptic YOGA, but in this paper we proved that pray has really close similarities with PRAYER. Since this is the end of all sincere Muslims, we all should endeavor to achieve the flawlessness of stance, recitation and external respiration recommended in the Hadith while executing our supplications the really same techniques of flawlessness taught in popular yoga, Tai Chi, and many other exercising classes.A IV. Decision Interestingly, for the 1000000s of people enrolled in yoga categories, the Islamic signifier of supplication has provided Muslims for 14 centuries with some of yoga ‘s same ( and even superior ) benefits. This simple signifier of â€Å" YOGA † offers physical, mental, and religious benefits five times a twenty-four hours. â€Å" Prayer is one of the greatest and most first-class agencies of nurturing the new nature, and of doing the psyche to boom and thrive. â€Å" These were some really meaningful words spoken by Jonathan Edwards over 200 old ages ago in his celebrated discourse on supplication. Timess have changed and so his society, but Edward ‘s message remains dateless. Prayer has non changed nor has its astonishing benefits. This paper shows that those who pray are physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually healthier than those who do non pray. Those who suffer depression, anxiousness, and even terminal unwellnesss frequently have a quicker healing clip, and more successful endurance rate. Possibly it is this brooding procedure that gives prayer one of its most outstanding benefits. â€Å" Prayer that is invariably and diligently attended to be one of the best agencies of taking non merely an good-humored and pleasant life ; but besides a life of much sweet family with Christ, and of abundant enjoyment of the visible radiation of his visage † , says Edwards in his address. To set it rather merely, when we pray, we are turning closer to the Lord we love. We are easing the battles in our lives and bettering our relationships, all the piece acquiring to cognize Him by larning His word, and using it to our lives in many meaningful ways. However, this is fact that non every supplication will acquire all those good substances and endocrines. If you are interrupted in the center of the supplication, you ca n't obtain the full benefit. In amount, supplication is a sort of still speculation, yet traveling speculation gives better consequence. When you pray, it involves three maps – the oral cavity when you chant, ear as you hear the intonation, and eyes are closed. But in traveling speculation, you will hold to command more of your maps. The more you can command them, the better you can equilibrate your head and organic structure. V. Mentions Denio LS, Drake ME, Pakalnis A. The consequence of exercising on ictus frequence. J Med 1989 ; 20:171-6. Eriksen HR, Ellertsen B, Gronningsaeter H, Nakken KO, Loyning Y, Ursin H. Physical exercising in adult females with intractable epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994 ; 35:1256- 64. Gotze W, Kubicki St, Munter M, Teichmann J. Effect of physical exercising on ictus threshold. Dis Nerv Syst 1967 ; 28:664- 7. Livingston S. Epilepsy and Sports. J Am Med Assoc 1978 ; 224:239. Jalava M, Sillanpaa M. 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